1.	
Status as of: 2015-09-23

Form GE
2.	DESCRIPTION OF NATIONAL GENETIC EVALUATION SYSTEMS
Country (or countries)	Hungary	
Main trait group1
NOTE! Only one trait group per form!	Calving ease/Dystocia	
Breed(s)	HOL (All breeds are evaluated in one multi-breed evaluation)	
Trait definition(s) and unit(s) of measurement2
Attach an appendix if needed	Calving ease is scored on a five-point  scale from easy (1) to severe, with surgical intervention (5). The scores are transformed to the underlying standard nomal distribution, where class 4 and 5 are merged. Three traits are distinguished: calving ease scores in parity 1, parity 2 and parities >2	
Method of measuring and collecting data	Data is collected through the reporting system of the Hungarian Holstein Association. Farmers report the birth of a calf, supplying a data concerning the calf and the calving. Among these is the calving ease score.	
Time period for data inclusion	All records from 01-01-2000 onwards are included in the analysis	
Age groups (e.g. parities) included	Parity 1, parity 2 and parity >2	
Other criteria (data edits) for inclusion of records	Gestation length > 640 days, birth of a single animal (no twins), within herds the standard deviation of the trait must be > 0.3	
Criteria for extension of records (if applicable)	N/A	
Sire categories	All bulls with progeny information including domestic and foreign AI bulls plus natural service herd sires.	
Environmental effects3, pre-adjustments 	None	
Method (model) of genetic evaluation3	MT-BLUP-AM with correlated random effects	
Environmental effects3 in the genetic evaluation model	1.	HYj	= Herd*year class of observation
2.	YMk	= Year*month class of observation
3.	AGEl	= Age at calving in months
4.	perm	= permanent environment effect of cow (par > 2)	
Adjustment for heterogeneous variance in evaluation model	No	
Use of genetic groups and relationships	Unknown parents are grouped together according to country of origin, selection path (6 paths), breed and birth year. All known relationships of cows and sires are considered. Selection paths are: unknown dam for cow, unknown dam for bull, unknown sire for cow, unknown sire for bull, both parents unknown for cow and both parents unknown for bull.	
Blending of foreign/Interbull information in evaluation	No	
Genetic parameters in the evaluation	See appendix GE	
System validation	Extensive checks on input data and results. Evaluations are done with an ISO 9001 certified process.
Comparison of consecutive evaluations	
Expression of genetic evaluations
If standardised (e.g. RBV), give standardisation formula in the appendix	Individual parity BVs are combined to overall DYScow and DYScalf  with weights of .41, .33 and .26 for parity 1, 2 and >2 respectively.
 
Traits and individual parity traits are RBV with mean of 0 and SD 1 (two decimale places). Higher RBV indicates easier calvings.	
Definition of genetic reference base

Next base change	All black & white herdbook cows with at least 87,5% Holstein genes born in 2010 with a calving ease observation.

2020	
Calculation of reliability	Based on Multiple trait effective daughter contribution method (Liu et al., 2004)	
Criteria for official publication of evaluations	Number of daughters for milk >=20 AND number of herds for milk>=10 AND number of daughters for type>=5 AND number of herds for type >=3 AND RELMilk>=60	
Number of evaluations / publications per year	3	
Use in total merit index4	HOL: HGI=Holstein Global Index
                   _                     
HGI= [(iHGI – XHGI)/sdHGI]*280+615  
Where:
iHGI= (15*fa/sdfa)+(30*pr/sdpr)+(16*ui/sdui)+(16*f&li/sdf&li) –(10*sc/sdsc)+(10dl/sddl)+(3mc/sdmc)
ui= udder index (5 traits)
f&li= f&l index (4 traits)	
Anticipated changes in the near future	-	
Key reference on methodology applied	None	
Key organization: name, address, phone, fax, e-mail, web site	Nemzeti Élelmiszerlánc-biztonsági Hivatal = NÉBIH (since 15th March 2012.)
National Food Chain Safety Office   (www.nebih.gov.hu)
(Formerly: Central Agricultural Office = MgSzH)
 H-1024 Budapest, Keleti Károly u. 24.
Contacts:
1. Pál Gombácsi: 	Tel.:  +36 1 336 9274 
			Fax.: + 36 336 9083
			E-mail: gombacsip@nebih.gov.hu
2. Péter Wellisch: 	E-mail: wellisch.peter@si.hu	
1)	Either: Production (e.g. milk, fat, protein), Conformation, Health (e.g. mastitis resistance, milk somatic cell, resistance to diseases other than mastitis), Longevity (e.g. direct longevity, combined longevity), Calving (e.g. stillbirth, calving ease), Female fertility (e.g. non-return rate, interval between reproductive events, number of AI’s, heat strength), Workability (e.g. milking speed, temperament), Beef production, Efficiency (e.g. body weight, energy balance, body conditioning score), or Other traits.
2)	Indicate frequencies per category if the trait is categorical and specify transformation of data if practiced.
3)	Use abbreviations for most common effects (see document with list of abbreviations at http://www-interbull.slu.se/service_documentation/General/list_of_abbreviations.rtf) and indicate random ® or fixed (F).
4)	Please give economic weights and indicate how they are expressed (preferably in genetic standard deviation units).

Form GE	Appendix GE
3.	Parameters used in genetic evaluation
Country (or countries):	Hungary	
Main trait group:	Calving ease/ Dystocia	
Breed (repeat as necessary):	HOL	

Trait	Definition	ITBa	h2b	genetic
varianceb	official proof
standardisation formulac	
DYScow parity 1			.156	620*10-4	b = 0.155, c = -1	
DYScow parity 2			.070	260*10-4	b = 0.109, c = -1	
DYScow parity >2			.066	250*10-4	b = 0.097, c = -1	
DYScalf parity 1			.241	1071*10-4	b = 0.249, c = -1	
DYScalf parity 2			.159	650*10-4	b = 0.194, c = -1	
DYScalf parity >2			.057	480*10-4	b = 0.160, c = -1	
Overall DYScow	.41* DYScow Parity 1 + .33* DYScow Parity 2 + .26* DYScow Parity 3	X	.200	303*10-4	b = 0.105, c = -1	
Overall DYScalf	.41* DYScalf Parity 1 + .33* DYScalf Parity 2 + .26* DYScalf Parity 3	X	.331	599*10-4	b = 0.170, c = -1	
Dystocia Index						
a	Indicate, with X, traits that are submitted to Interbull for international genetic evaluations.
b	If repeated records are treated as separate traits, provide heritability estimates and genetic variances separately for each trait, as well as for all traits pooled, i.e. for the trait submitted to Interbull.
c	Expressed as follows:
StandEval=((eval-a)/b)*c+d where a=mean of the base adjustment, b=standard deviation of the base, c=standard deviation of expression (include sign if scale is reversed), and d=base of expression.

All traits have a= 0, d = 0; overall traits are published.
 Form GE	Appendix FF

4.	Parameters for national genetic evaluations for calving ease/dystocia traits as provided to Interbull
Country (or countries):	Hungary	
Main trait group:	Calving ease/Dystocia	
Breed(s):	All breeds	

Trait name	h2	genetic
variance	official proof
standardisation formulaa	
Direct Calving Ease:
				
Maternal Calving Ease:
				
Direct Stillbirth
parity 1
higher parities				
Maternal Stillbirth
parity 1 
higher parities				
a	Expressed as follows:
StandEval=((eval-a)/b)*c+d where a=mean of the base adjustment, b=standard deviation of the base, c=standard deviation of expression (include sign if scale is reversed), and d=base of expression.

All traits have a = 0, d = 0

Genetic and residual covariances for countries with national multiple trait evaluations. Genetic covariances on upper diagonals, residual covariances on lower diagonals.
Trait name	Trait 1: 	Trait 2: 	Trait 3:	Trait 4:	
Trait1: Direct Calving Ease
					
Trait2: Maternal Calving Ease
					
Trait 3: Direct Stillbirth
parity 1 higher parities					
Trait 4: Maternal Stillbirth
parity 1 higher parities					

No correlations are used between overall traits, overall traits are combined with a formula.