Status as of:  2012-12-05

Form GE

DESCRIPTION OF NATIONAL GENETIC EVALUATION SYSTEMS

Country (or countries)	Korea	
Main trait group1	Conformation	
Breed(s)	HOLstein	
Trait definition(s) and unit(s) of measurement2
Attach an appendix if needed	Linear traits (18)
Stature, Body depth, Angularity, Rump angle, Rump width, Rear leg set, Rear leg rear view, Foot angle, Fore udder attachment, Rear udder height, Udder support, Udder depth, Front teat placement, Front teat length, Rear teat placement, Locomotion, Body condition score

Score traits (1)
Overall conformation score	
Method of measuring and collecting data	Trained classifiers in Korea Animal Improvement Association (KAIA) collect data according to set protocol	
Time period for data inclusion	- STA, CWI, BDE, ANG, RAN, RWI, FAN, FUA, RUH, RUW, USU, UDE, FTP, OCS : since 1984;
- FTL : since 1994;
- RLR : since 2006;
- RTP, LOC, BCS : since 2009;

In addition to these traits : 
- rear udder width (RUW) : since 1984;
- loin strength (LST), udder texture (UTX), heel depth/hoof height (HDE), bone quality (BQL), hfe height (HHE) : since 2009;	
Age groups (e.g. parities) included	First three lactations	
Other criteria (data edits) for inclusion of records	One score in lactation	
Criteria for extension of records		
Sire categories	All categories of bulls are evaluated jointly.	
Environmental effects3, pre-adjustments 	No pre-adjustments for environmental effects	
Method (model) of genetic evaluation3	ST-ML-BLUP-AM	
Environmental effects3 in the genetic evaluation model	Fixed effects : herd-year-season effects and lactation stage classes for each  lactation. Random effects: animal additive genetic effect for each of the first three lactations.	
Adjustment for heterogeneous variance in evaluation model	Not implemented yet	
Use of genetic groups and relationships	Genetic group are defined for unknown parents of animal base on sex, year of birth and country of origin of the animal. At least ten generations of pedigree are traced back from the cows in multiple lactation data.	
Blending of foreign/Interbull information in evaluation	No	
Genetic parameters in the evaluation	See appendix CO	
System validation	Check on data quality (raw data, pedigree information, etc.)
Check on results : genetic trends, change in EBV between evaluations, stability of EBV over time, 
Interbull validation methods I (STA, USU, LOC, BCS) and III  (STA, USU)	
Expression of genetic evaluations
If standardised (e.g. RBV), give standardisation formula in the appendix	EBV = (EBV1st*0.80) + (EBV2nd*0.10) + (EBV3rd*0.10)	
Definition of genetic reference base
Next base change	EBV: stepwise 5-year cow base including all cows born in 2005
EBV: April 2015 with the base population including all cows born in 2010. 	
Calculation of reliability	Using multiple trait effective daughter contribution method	
Criteria for official publication of evaluations	Bulls: daughters are distributed in at least 10 herds, and at least 50% reliability for protein yield	
Number of evaluations / publications per year	3 / April, August,  December	
Use in total merit index4	KTPI = (0.5*(PTAF/SDPTAF) + 1.5*(PTAP/SDPTAP) + 1*(PTAT/SDPTAT) + 1*(UDC/SDUDC))*50 + 576;
PTAT: final linear score , UDC : udder conformation 	
Anticipated changes in the near future		
Key reference on methodology applied	Liu, Z., Reinhardt, F., Bünger, A., and Reents, R. 2004. Derivation and calculation of approximate reliabilities and daughter yield-deviations of random regression test-day model for genetic evaluation of dairy cattle. J Dairy Sci. 87:1896-1907. 	
Key organisation: name, address, phone, fax, e-mail, web site	National Institute of Animal Science(NIAS), RDA
Animal Genetic & Breeding Division
#9, Eoryong-ri, Seonghwan-eup, Cheonan-si, Chungnam 331-801, Korea
Phone : 82-41-580-3362, Fax : 82-41-580-3369
e-mail : ckh1219@korea.kr  web site : http:// www. nias.go.kr	
1) Either: Production (e.g. milk, fat, protein), Conformation, Health (e.g. mastitis resistance, milk somatic cell, resistance to diseases other than mastitis), Longevity, Calving (e.g. stillbirth, calving ease), Female fertility (e.g. non-return rate, interval between reproductive events, number of AI’s, heat strength), Workability (e.g. milking speed, temperament), Beef production, Efficiency (e.g. body weight, energy balance, body conditioning score), or Other traits.
2) Indicate frequencies per category if the trait is categorical and specify transformation of data if practiced.
3) Use abbreviations for most common effects (see document with list of abbreviations at http://www-interbull.slu.se/service_documentation/General/list_of_abbreviations.rtf) and indicate random (R) or fixed (F).
4) Please give economic weights and indicate how they are expressed (preferably in genetic standard deviation units).

 

Form GE	Appendix CO

Parameters for national genetic evaluations for conformation traits as provided to Interbull

Country (or countries):	Korea	
Main trait group:	Conformation	
Breed(s):	Holstein	

Trait	Definition	h2a	genetic
variancea	official proof
standardisation formulab	
Stature	height of the rump between hips	0.320	0.411		
Chest Width	from the inside surface between the top of the front legs	0.156	0.124		
Body Depth	distance between the top of spine and bottom of barrel the deepest point	0.265	0.218		
Angularity	the angle and openness of the ribs, combined with flatness of bone 	0.120	0.106		
Rump Angle	height of pin bones relative to height of hook bones	0.307	0.527		
Rump Width	distance between inside pins 	0.169	0.164		
Rear Leg Set	angle of curve at side view of rear legs	0.116	0.108		
Rear Leg Rear View	direction of feet when view from the rear	0.079	0.092		
Foot Angle	angle of the rear hoof measured from the floor to the hairline	0.067	0.073		
Fore Udder	strength of attachment to abdominal wall	0.132	0.178		
Rear Udder Height	distance between secreting tissue and bottom of vulva	0.169	0.252		
Udder Support	depth of cleft at base of rear udder	0.107	0.115		
Udder Depth	distance from the lowest part of udder to hock	0.334	0.418		
Front Teat Placement	the position of the front teat from center of quarter	0.172	0.194		
Teat Length	average length of front teats	0.212	0.328		
Rear Teat Placement	teat placement from center of quarter	0.091	0.077		
Overall Conformation Score	rump(10%), udder(40%), feet & legs(25%), dairy strength(25%)	0.155	1.027		
Overall Udder Score					
Overall Feet & Leg Score					
Locomotion	length and direction of the step	0.031	0.027		
Body Condition Score	covering of fat over the tail head, rum and loin	0.187	0.109		
a	If repeated records are treated as separate traits, provide heritability estimates and genetic variances separately for each trait, as well as for all traits pooled, i.e. for the trait submitted to Interbull.
b	Expressed as follows:
StandEval=((eval-a)/b)*c+d where a=mean of the base adjustment, b=standard deviation of the base, c=standard deviation of expression (include sign if scale is reversed), and d=base of expression.

Table 1: Genetic parameters for udder support with heritabilities on diagonal, genetic correlations above diagonal and phenotypic correlations below diagonal
Trait	Lactation	Genetic
variance	Lactation	
			1	2	3	Combined	
Udder
support	1	.099	.07	.93	.82		
	2	.161	.34	.10	.94		
	3	.334	.25	.42	.18		
	Combined	.115				.11