Status as of:  2016-09-14

Form GENO

DESCRIPTION OF NATIONAL GENOMIC EVALUATION SYSTEMS

Country (or countries)	Great Britain	
Main trait group1
NOTE! Only one trait group per form!	Production	
Breed(s)	Holstein	
Trait definition(s) and unit(s) of measurement2
Attach an appendix if needed	Milk, fat and Protein (kg)	
Source of genotypes (chips used)	Illumina 50K v1&v2 and 800K
	
Imputation method for missing genotypes	    Paul VanRaden’s Program - Findhap	
Propagation of genomic information to non-genotyped descendants and ancestors	No propagation	
Animals included in reference population (males, females, countries included, total number)	Males only
GBR, USA and CANADA  6452 bulls	
Source of phenotypic data (DYD, deregressed proofs, national EBVs and/or MACE evaluations)	Deregressed proofs from  national and MACE evaluations	
Other criteria (data edits) for inclusion of records	Minor allele frequency was set to 0.05, call rate for animals was 91% (across the various chips) and checks for Mendelian inconsistency were also carried out.  Missing SNPs calls were imputed or replaced by the most frequent genotype	
Criteria for extension of records (if applicable)	   NA	
Sire categories	AI	
Genomic model (linear, Bayesian, polygenic effect, genotypes or haplotypes)	Linear model  with 10% polygenic effect	
Blending of direct genomic value (DGV) with traditional EBV	Selection index as described by Vanraden, P. (2008)	
Environmental effects in the genetic evaluation model	Mean	
Adjustment for heterogeneous variance in evaluation model	None	
Computation of genomic reliability	Mean of theoretical reliability computed from inverse of the MME scaled by the squared correlation between deregressed proofs and DGV in validation data set 	
Blending of foreign/Interbull information in evaluation	In the reference population, blended national and  MACE proofs used	
Genetic parameters in the evaluation	Use Appendix GENO for heritability/genetic variance estimates; for multiple-trait genetic evaluations, provide genetic correlation estimates between traits separately.
Use also appendices PR, CO, BCO, SM, LO, CA, as applicable, if you participate in the international genetic evaluations of Interbull	
System validation	Correlations and regressions between DGV and deregressed proofs in a validation set consisting of bulls born in 2004 and onwards
	
Expression of genetic evaluations
If standardised (e.g. RBV), give standardisation formula in the appendix	PTAs	
Definition of genetic reference base	Cows born in 2010	
Labeling of genomic evaluations	Not decided but  may be  gPTAs	
Criteria for official publication of evaluations	Since 2014, bulls only get published if we received a usable genotype and the owner has requested the proof to be made official and a fee has been paid.
	
Number of evaluations / publications per year	  Three	
Use in total merit index	 Yes if published	
Anticipated changes in the near future	 Propagation of genomic evaluations to non-genotyped animals	
Key reference on methodology applied	Mrode, R., Krzyzelewski, T., Moore, K., Winters, M. and  Coffey, M. 2011. Implementation of genomics evaluations in the  UK. Interbull Bulletin 43. 
VanRaden, P.M. Efficient methods to compute genomic predictions.
J. Dairy Sci. 91(11):4414–4423. 2008.
	
Key organisation: name, address, phone, fax, e-mail, web site	EGENES, SAC
Roslin Institute Building
Easter Bush
Scotland, UK
EH25 9RG
Tel:  +44 -131-535-3241
Fax:  +44-131-535-3121
E-mail: mike.coffey@sac.ac.uk
Internet:  www.dairycobreeding.org
	
1) Either: Production (e.g. milk, fat, protein), Conformation, Health (e.g. mastitis resistance, milk somatic cell, resistance to diseases other than mastitis), Longevity, Calving (e.g. stillbirth, calving ease), Female fertility (e.g. non-return rate, interval between reproductive events, number of AI’s, heat strength), Workability (e.g. milking speed, temperament), Beef production, Efficiency (e.g. body weight, energy balance, body conditioning score), or Other traits.

Form GENO	Appendix GENO

Parameters used in genetic evaluation

Country (or countries):		
Main trait group:		
Breed (repeat as necessary):		

Trait	Definition	ITBa	h2b	genetic
varianceb	official proof
standardisation formulac	
Milk yield	305 d combined across
3 lactations	 X		557440		
Fat yield	305 d combined across
3 lactations	 X		649.8		
Protein yield 	305 d combined across
3 lactations	 X		468.1		

						

						

						

						

a	Indicate, with X, traits that are submitted to Interbull for international genetic evaluations.
b	If repeated records are treated as separate traits, provide heritability estimates and genetic variances separately for each trait, as well as for all traits pooled, i.e. for the trait submitted to Interbull.
c	Expressed as follows:
StandEval=((eval-a)/b)*c+d where a=mean of the base adjustment, b=standard deviation of the base, c=standard deviation of expression (include sign if scale is reversed), and d=base of expression.